Abstract: Agricultural machinery is inevitably prone to malfunctions and damage during use due to factors such as water vapor, dust, and hard objects in the operating environment. General bearings in agricultural machinery are relatively precise parts and important components of agricultural equipment. The quality of their maintenance and upkeep directly affects the lifespan and safe operation of agricultural machinery. However, due to the relatively complicated maintenance and upkeep of general bearings, they are easily overlooked and neglected by people. Over time, they can cause malfunctions, such as sticking and wear inside the bearings, which are even more difficult to disassemble. This article mainly analyzes the development of a disassembly device for general bearings in agricultural machinery.

Keywords: agricultural machinery; Universal bearings; dismounting device

China's agriculture is gradually moving towards modernization, and a large number of advanced agricultural machinery is also used in agricultural production. The adoption of these machinery has greatly improved the production level of China's agriculture, reduced the labor intensity of farmers, and improved agricultural production efficiency. However, damage to agricultural machinery is inevitable, especially the damage to bearings, which has brought certain obstacles to the development of agricultural mechanization, added burden to farmers, and even caused production safety accidents due to mechanical failures, threatening the safety of farmers' lives. The difficulty of bearing maintenance lies in disassembly. This article mainly analyzes the development of disassembly devices for general bearings in agricultural machinery.

1. Agricultural machinery universal bearing disassembly device

The disassembly of bearings in agricultural machinery maintenance in China is a difficult problem. In order to better separate the shaft from the bearing, it is urgent to develop an effective bearing removal device to prevent the bearing from being disassembled more conveniently and quickly. This dismantling device mainly consists of structures such as sliding rails and peripheral brackets. By using adjustable length pull rods to dismantle bearings, it effectively avoids the drawbacks of previous dismantling equipment and enables efficient dismantling of different bearings, further improving the efficiency of dismantling general bearings for agricultural machinery. Secondly, due to the high cost of bearing parts, China currently mainly uses two types of disassembly tools. One is manual disassembly tools, which are relatively economical and environmentally friendly, and have strong flexibility. However, the disadvantage of its Z-size is that the actual operation is complex, the overall disassembly efficiency is not high, and it cannot disassemble the bearings of large agricultural unloading equipment. The second is hydraulic disassembly tools, which can solve the shortcomings of manual disassembly methods and have a faster disassembly speed. However, during the disassembly process of agricultural machinery equipment bearings, it is easy to cause varying degrees of damage. Once any disassembly step is incorrect, it will greatly threaten the life safety of on-site disassembly personnel. Therefore, there are still many problems with the existing disassembly devices for general bearings in agricultural machinery, and further research and improvement are needed.

2. Structural composition of universal bearing disassembly device

2.1 Structural composition

The universal bearing disassembly device is mainly composed of components generated by the air source, working components, control elements, and corresponding auxiliary working components. When the gas source disappears, compressed gas is generated, which enters the working state through control components to perform various functions of the cylinder. Then, auxiliary components are used to fix it and provide corresponding support.

2.2 Working principle

When disassembling the bearings, the device first places the shaft with bearings between the chuck and the shaft bracket 8. Then adjust the height of the lower half of the chuck on the chuck frame so that the center of the shaft and the center of the piston rod are on the same horizontal line; At the upper part of the bamboo adjusting chuck, coordinate with the lower part of the chuck to realize the radial bamboo adjustment so that it can hold the bearing, and then adjust the position of the chuck holder on the slide rail until the distance between the shaft and the piston rod is about 20cm. After confirming that the adjustment is completed, tighten the nut on the locking device to ensure that the chuck holder will not move; Next, start the pneumatic system. Press the control button to achieve fast forward movement of the piston rod. When the piston rod approaches the shaft end, press the work button to make the piston rod tightly adhere to the shaft end and slowly advance the shaft at a given speed. At the same time, the bearing is blocked in the chuck and cannot move. With the cooperation of the piston rod and chuck, the bearing is removed; Then press the stop button, remove the shaft and pay attention to the tightness of the bearing in the chuck to prevent unnecessary damage caused by detachment; Activate the quick return button after Z to reset the piston rod, release the chuck to no longer clamp the bearing, and remove the bearing.

2.3 Design of Components

(1) Firstly, the design of the chuck and chuck holder. The traditional agricultural machinery bearing disassembly tool room hook chuck can cause certain damage to the equipment, and the position of the bearing is difficult to grasp and fix, which is not conducive to the work and can even cause unnecessary mechanical accidents. The new dismantling device is composed of a clamp that can be adjusted through a wrap around design. Simply put, it consists of two half rings with corresponding slots inside the rings, which avoids damage to mechanical equipment and can be adjusted to adapt to work, improving work efficiency and applicability. At the same time, height adjustment can also be performed, which can enhance the universality of the equipment to a certain extent and achieve bidirectional adjustment of horizontal and vertical directions.

(2) Adjustable travel rails and corresponding locking devices. In the process of disassembling the bearings of agricultural machinery, the position between the bearings and the shaft affects the applicability and corresponding adjustability of the disassembly equipment to a certain extent. Its main purpose is to strengthen the adjustment of the position between the chuck and the piston rod, which to some extent enhances the applicability of the setting, improves universality, and also accelerates work efficiency. In addition, in order to ensure that the chuck is not affected by loads during operation and causes equipment instability, it should be fixed at the bottom position of the chuck. The movement between the slider and the slide rail is carried out through friction, which to some extent increases the damage to the slide rail. Therefore, rolling friction should be used to reduce the damage to the slide rail.

(3) Selection of components. This device is driven by the pneumatic system for disassembly work, and it is also the core of equipment operation. In the design process, it is mainly based on the steps of equipment operation. In practical work, if the dismantling force is insufficient, the pneumatic system can be replaced with a traditional hydraulic system, which not only enhances the power of the equipment but also improves work efficiency. During the process of selecting the original components, attention should be paid to the following points: establishment of work steps, design of pneumatic systems, and calculation of parameters. In the process of calculating parameters, there are several important parameters, including the parameters of the piston rod, the parameters of the cylinder wall, and the calculation of air consumption.

3. Research on universal bearing disassembly device

In practical work, we have found that the bearing models in agricultural machinery equipment are not uniform, which has caused unnecessary obstacles to the development of disassembly devices for agricultural machinery bearings. In order to make the maintenance and use of agricultural machinery more economical and convenient, agricultural machinery must ensure the consistency of models. This can ensure that the research results of Z are more authentic and effective. So, in the actual disassembly process of agricultural machinery bearings, we first need to solve the friction problem between the shaft and the bearing. Especially as the friction area gradually increases, the relative disassembly force also needs to increase accordingly. At this point, if the chuck clamp is at a stable value, the surface of the chuck will maintain good flatness without any collapsed parts. At this point, we can confirm whether the starting system is running normally to determine the pressure bearing capacity of the plunger rod and ensure that the agricultural machinery equipment is always in good operating condition. In addition, the dismantling range of general bearings for agricultural machinery equipment is relatively wide. During the dismantling process, dismantling personnel must attach great importance to the quality of dismantling and try to minimize the degree of damage to Z, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of safety hazards.

4. Conclusion

The development of the agricultural universal bearing disassembler has significantly improved work efficiency, saved labor, reduced labor intensity, ensured safe and reliable operation, stable performance, no operational failures, is sturdy and durable, has a wide disassembly range, and can realize the disassembly of bearings at different positions on the shaft, making it flexible to use; The device has met the industry's requirements for disassembly tools to be lightweight, versatile, easy to operate, safe and efficient, and capable of continuous operation. In practical applications, it meets the needs of agricultural machinery maintenance and has high promotion and application value.

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2025 June 3rd Week FK Product Recommendation:

Insert Bearings：

Insert bearings (SKF Y-bearings) are based on sealed deep groove ball bearings in the 62 and 63 series, but have a convex outer ring and in most cases an extended inner ring with a specific locking device, enabling quick and easy mounting onto the shaft.

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